The article explores issues related to the influence of ChatGPT on the cognitive abilities of students. The purpose of this work is to study the pedagogical possibilities of using neural networks using the example of ChatGPT for the development of cognitive activity. ChatGPT is a tool that initiates a rethinking of the education system, contributing to the formation of the educational process of the future with the need to change technologies, methods, approaches and means of teaching. Understanding how ChatGPT works will allow educators to identify limitations in using this chatbot and artificial intelligence technologies in the educational process. Whatever the attitude towards artificial intelligence technologies, it should be recognized that they will soon become an integral part of the educational process, which means that every higher education teacher needs to learn how to use them effectively. In order for GPT chat to truly develop neuroplasticity and cognitive abilities, a sufficient level of education and IQ is required. Emotional IQ (EQ) is necessary to understand nuances, the effectiveness of formulations, and stimulate the imagination. A basic level of education is required to master any instrument. There's no way it can replace basic academic skills, emotional, rational, creative and critical thinking.