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Perubahan Iklim Global, Kesehatan Manusia dan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Image
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Perubahan Iklim Global, Kesehatan Manusia dan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan

Large scale and global environmental hazards to human health are becoming increasingly apparent. These include climate change, stratospheric ozone depletion, loss of biodiversity, changes in hydrological systems, changes in supplies of fresh water, land degradation, and stresses on food producing systems. Appreciation of the effects of these health hazards requires an understanding of ecosystems, their complexity of these systems and how we interact with them. The effects of these changes are not distributed evenly around the world with some area more vulnerable than others, especially among low and middle income countries that are not prepared for potential environmental impacts, and even less for health related impacts. The world€™s climate change is being altered as a consequence of human activity. These are direct impacts, such as temperature-related illness and death including the health impacts of extreme weather events and the effect of air polluting spores and moulds. Other impacts are more indirect and led to water and food borne diseases, vector and rodent borne diseases, or food and water shortage. However, economic sustainable growth should be maintained as long climate change and its impact to health, agriculture, forest, water resource, species and coastal area. Keywords: climate changes, human health, sustainable development.
Toksikologi Logam Berat B3 dan Dampaknya terhadap Kesehatan Image
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Toksikologi Logam Berat B3 dan Dampaknya terhadap Kesehatan

Heavy metals are the hazardous substances that produced by industrial waste, included lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), kadnium (Cd), arsenic (As), copper (Cu), and chromium (Cr). Characteristics of lead (Pb) are soft consistency and black color. That heavy metal could cause acute and chronic body intoxication. Health effects of lead intoxication, such as neurology, kidney, reproductive system, hemopoitic system disorders. Characteristics of mercury are white liquid and boiling point is 356,90oC. The famous health effect of mercury intoxication is minamata disease. Other effects of mercury intoxication included cereblal palsy, mental retardation, and libido disorders. Characteristics of kadnium (Cd) are soft and white. The health effects of kadnium intoxication such as kidney, cardiovascular and bone disorders. The health effects of arsenic intoxication included eyes, skin, blood, kidney, liver, respiratory tract, reproduction, gastrointestinal tract, and immunological disorders. The health effects of copper intoxication included Wilson€™s disease and Menke€™s disease. The health effects of copper intoxication included respiratory system, skin, kidney, and vascular disorders Keywords: heavy metals, intoxication, hazardous substances, health effects
Hidroponik Fodder Jagung sebagai Substitusi Hijauan Pakan Ternak Ditinjau dari Produktivitas Susu Kambing Sapera Image
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Hidroponik Fodder Jagung sebagai Substitusi Hijauan Pakan Ternak Ditinjau dari Produktivitas Susu Kambing Sapera

Korupsi Dan Mentalitas: Kendala Kultural Dalam Pemberantasan Korupsi Di Indonesia Image
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Korupsi Dan Mentalitas: Kendala Kultural Dalam Pemberantasan Korupsi Di Indonesia

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Comparison Between Removable and Fixed Orthodontic Retainers

Background: There are two kinds of retainers: removable retainer and fixed retainer. Removable retainer is an orthodontic retainer which can be inserted and removed by the patient, whereas fixed retainer is bonded permanently on teeth, it cannot be removed by the patient. It is important to know which retainer that most effective based on the existing case. Purpose: To identify the comparison between removable and fixed retainers in orthodontic treatment. Review: Hawley retainer, Beggs retainer, clip on retainer, Kesling'stooth positioners and invisible retainer are removable retainers whereas fixed retainers include banded retainer, bonded retainer and band & spur type retainer. Comparison between removable and fix retainer can be evaluated from several aspects such as: cost, aesthetics, fabrication process, durability, occlusion, hygiene and convenience of use. Conclusion: Whether removable or fixed retainers can be effectively used to prevent relapse post orthodontic treatment depending onthe existing case.
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Psychological Well Being in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Mulyorejo Public Health Center Surabaya

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Deteksi Dini Masalah Psikologis Pada Anak Jalanan Oleh Orangtua Asuh Di Rumah Singgah

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