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Analisis Miskonsepsi Mahasiswa Pada Empat Konsep Esensial Kesetimbangan Kimia Image
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Analisis Miskonsepsi Mahasiswa Pada Empat Konsep Esensial Kesetimbangan Kimia

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang analisis miskonsepsi mahasiswa pada empat aspek esensial pada kesetimbangan kimia. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah Mahasiswa semester pertama Program Studi Pendidikan Kimia FKIP Unram. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan memberikan tes tentang kesetim-bangan kimia yang memuat empat aspek, yaitu stoikhiometri, tetapan kesetimbangan, kesetimbangan yang melibatkan hukum gas ideal, dan pergeseran kesetimbangan/ prinsip Le Chatelier's pada sistem kesetimbangan heterogen.Berdasarkan analisis miskonsepsi mahasiswa pada empat aspek esensial kesetimbangan kimia, yaitu: konsep mol dan stoikhiometri (30,10%), tetapan kesetimbangan (22,85%), konsep kesetimbangan yang melibatkan gas ideal (78,55%) dan pada konsep pergeseran kestimbangan/ prinsip Le Chatelier's pada reaksi heterogen (70,78%). Miskonsepsi pada aspek stoikhiometri terutama adalah kegagalan dalam mengkonversi hubungan gram-mol-liter (14,3%), perhitungan zat-zat yang terlibat dalam reaksi (28,6%) dan mengidentifikasi pereaksi berlebih (71,4%). Miskonsepsi pada aspek tetapan kesetimbangan adalah pernyataan persamaan Kc (17,1%), penggunaan satuan mol dalam menghitung nilai Kc (28,6%). Miskonsepsi pada aspek kesetimbangan yang melibatkan gas ideal adalah kegagalan dalam menghitung jumlah mol berdasarkan persamaan gas ideal (82,9%), dan mengartikan hukum tersebut (74,2%). Miskonsepsi pada aspek pergeseran kesetimbangan/prinsip Le Chatelier's adalah melibatkan zat padat pada perhitungan Kc (57,1%), pengaruh zat padat pada kesetimbangan (82,8%), pengaruh gas NH3 (68,6%), dan pengaruh gas inert N2 padfa V,T tetap sebesar 80%.Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa miskonsepsi mahasiswa dalam memahami topik kesetimbangan kimia adalah aspek prinsip Le Chatelier, reaksi kesetimbangan yang melibatkan gas ideal, stoikhiometri dan tetapan Kc
Analisis Efisiensi Irigasi Tetes Pada Berbagai Tekstur Tanah Untuk Tanaman Sawi (Brassica Juncea) [Efficiency Analysis of Drips Irrigation on Various Land Texture for Green Mustard (Brassica Juncea)] Image
Journal article

Analisis Efisiensi Irigasi Tetes Pada Berbagai Tekstur Tanah Untuk Tanaman Sawi (Brassica Juncea) [Efficiency Analysis of Drips Irrigation on Various Land Texture for Green Mustard (Brassica Juncea)]

Drip irrigation is a technology that is still being developed. Drip irrigation drains water by dripping with regular debits in accordance with plants' need. To determine the efficiency of drip irrigation and determine the yields, trials were needed to be conducted by using three kinds of soil texture (clay, loam and sandy clay loam) and mustard plant had been chosen due to its sensitivity to irrigation. The purpose of this study was to analyzed the efficiency of drip irrigation and the water needs of green mustards (Brassica juncea) and measure its growth and productivity in various soil textures using drip irrigation. Method used in this research was experimental method by on field trials. Observed parameter was volumetric gravimetric, specific gravity, porosity, average water discharge on emitter's output, emitter uniformity, the amount of water use, the efficiency of water use, storage efficiency, surface area of glass container/polybag, the water needs of mustard plants, plant height, number of leaves, plant weight, and crop productivity. The amount of the provision water was determined by three phases, i.e. in the early phase of growth 3.78 liters/day, in the middle phase 15.3 liters/day, and the last phase7.65 liters/day. The height of mustard that grew on clay was 23.05 cm, on loam was 15.79 cm, and on sandy clay loam was 21.06 cm; the number of plant leaves on clay was 11.93 leaves, on clay was 9.60 leaves, and on sandy clay loam was 9.23 leaves; mustard plant productivity on clay was 1566.69 g/m2, on loam was 761.93 g/m2, and on sandy clay loam was 1843.41 g/m 2. Storage efficiency in early phase of clay was 22.83%, loam was 27.87% clay, and sandy clay loam was 23.41%; in the middle phase clay was 56.61%, loam was 89.18%, and sandy clay loam was 57.21%; in the last phase clay was 23.3%, loam was 67.48%, and sandy clay loam was 48.82%.   Keywords: drip irrigation, soil texture, mustard plants, irrigation efficiency, productivity            
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Analisis Pemanfaatan Energi Panas Pada Pengeringan Bawang Merah (Allium Ascalonicum L.) Dengan Menggunakan Alat Pengering Efek Rumah Kaca (ERK) Image
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Analisis Pemanfaatan Energi Panas Pada Pengeringan Bawang Merah (Allium Ascalonicum L.) Dengan Menggunakan Alat Pengering Efek Rumah Kaca (ERK)

Onion (Allium ascalonicum, L.) is one horticulture commodity that is widely cultivated by Indonesian society. There are many benefits that can be drawn from the onion and high economic value of these vegetables make farmers in various regions interested to cultivate them to earn huge profits. Purpose of this study was to analyze the needs of heat energy in the drying process of onions. Method used in this research was experimental methods by using Greenhouse Gasses (GHG) dryer for drying onion. This dryer utilizes solar energy as the only source of heat to raise temperature of the material in the drying process. On the first experimental stage (without materials) the highest temperature inside the dryer was 52°C and the lowest was 27°C, while the maximum temperature in the environment was 34°C and the minimum was  25°C. The average temperature difference between the dryer and the environment was 14°C with average solar radiation of 445 W/m². On the experiment using materials, the average temperature of the dryer during 4 days, the lowest  was 37.75°C  and the highest was 51.75° C; whereas the lowest and the highest environment temperature respectively was 25.8°C and 37.0°C. The average light intensity was 545 W/m², with average total amount of solar energy received was 2,227,262.7 kJ and the  average drying efficiency was 39.9%. Keywords: Greenhouse Gasses (GHG) dryer, onion, energy, distribution of temperature  
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