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Islamic Perspective on Marital Rape Image
Journal article

Islamic Perspective on Marital Rape

Marital rape has become a controversial issue in many countries including Indonesia. For the majority of the Indonesian people, it is impossible for rape to take place inside the marriage institution, however some other peoples believe that it possibly occurs. Since it is considered as a kind of rape anyway, those who agree with that concept, insist on the government of Indonesia to qualify marital rape as an offence. This is sounded usually by the human rights activists, especially the feminists. This research is aimed to elaborate the legal position of what so-call marital rape in Islam. As a country whose population is majority Muslim, it can be understood that the development of the Indonesian law is influenced by the Islamic values. This research provide an important reference to deal with the issue of the criminalization of marital rape in Indonesia.Since the research focuses more on the study of legal materials from various sources, it is qualified as a normative legal research. To support the collection of data, interview upon the competent legal experts has also been exercised. The standard of qualification of the legal experts involving in the interview are those who are interested in Islamic Law, especially Islamic Family law as well as Islamic Criminal Law. Based on the research finding, it is found that the type of the relationship between husband and wife as suggested in Islamic teaching naturaly prevents the what so-call marital rape to occur. It is difficult to imagine the existence of marital rape inside the Muslim familes, since the husband is bound with the obligation to treat her wife well (mu'asyarah bil ma'ruf). In sexual matter, the doctrine of mu'asyarah bil ma'ruf can be applied by respecting the need and the willingness of the wife in sexual matter. Meaning to say, the husband is obliged to fulfill his wife sexual desire in one side, and in the other side he is not allowed to force her wife for sex when she is unwilling. It is better for the husband to sacrifice him self (to be patient) rather than sacrificing his wife. A good husband must be wise in choosing the better choice relating to the above issue. A good husband must be patient (shabr) for not saying that who is not patient is not a good husband.
Memahami Pembubaran Partai Politik (Parpol) Era Orde Lama Di Indonesia Image
Journal article

Memahami Pembubaran Partai Politik (Parpol) Era Orde Lama Di Indonesia

Kehidupan Partai Politik Era Orde Lama (Orla) mengalami pasang surut sesuai dengan kehendak penguasa. Kehidupan parpol mengalami pasang/tumbuh ketika diterapkannya demokrasi parlementer dan lahirnya Maklumat Politik Pemerintah No. X. Disinilah awal dari tumbuh suburnya multi partai di Indonesia. Namun suasana kehidupan pemerintahan ini menjadi bomerang bagi penguasa Orla karena banyaknya partai ternyata menjadikan pemerintahan menjadi lemah dan tidak efektif. Dalam suasana ini akhirnya pilihan keputusan yang diambil bagaimana menyederhanakan kehidupan parpol. Melalui Demokrasi Terpimpin maka Soekarno mencoba menerapkan gaya kepemimpinan represif, yang menyebabkan beberapa parpol ada pada status dibubarkan, diakui/tidak diakui, ditolak untuk mendapat pengakuan sebagai partai politik. Setelah diidentifikasi ternyata latar belakang pembubaran parpol era Orla adalah didasarkan kepada beberapa Kenyataan, yakni, kerapuhan sistem pemerintahan, efektivitas pemerintahan, dan kecenderungan untuk menguatkan kekuasaan presiden. Demikian juga dengan cara membubarkan Parpol masih diwarnai dengan tingginya intervensi penguasa terhadap pemegang kekuasaan yudikatif.Kata Kunci: Partai politik, Pembubaran Parpol, Orde Lama.ABSTRACTOld order political parties' life experience ebb tide according to the will of God. This ebb-tide life is occurred when parliamentary democracy is applied and Government Political Declaration number X was born. Here is the beginning of multi-parties thrive in Indonesia. However, this government life condition becomes a boomerang for old order rulers because actually the existence of many parties makes government become weak and ineffective. In this condition, the taken decision choice, eventually, is how to simplify political parties' life. Through directed democracy, hence Soekarno attempts to apply repressive leadership style that causes some political parties are on dispersed status, accredited/unaccredited, rejected to get accreditation as political party. After passing through some identification, it is known that the political parties' dispersal background in old order period is based on some facts, that are: the fragility of government system, the effectiveness of government, and the tendency to strengthen president's power. Likewise, the manner to disperse political power is still colored by the high intervention of man in power to the judicature power-holder.Keywords: Political party, political party dispersal, and old order.
Graft and Corruption Practices Among Selected Public Officials in Mindanao, Southern Philippines Image
Graft and Corruption Practices Among Selected Public Officials in Mindanao, Southern Philippines Image
Journal article

Graft and Corruption Practices Among Selected Public Officials in Mindanao, Southern Philippines

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